I have added all the suggestions made plus a few of my own.
=========================================
Thanks to: louv, art vandelay, Dave, jburdo, Mohamel, Daft Steve D.,
Stephen
Lee, Rick Streeter, David Murphee for their suggestions.
===============================================
Names of Famous People Mentioned
================================
ver: 22/2/99
Actors/Entertainment ==================== Abbott & Costello [The Tape] Al Pacino [The Soup Nazi] Anthony Quinn [The Junk Mail] Bruce Lee (poster) [The Foundation] Burt Lancaster [The Finale] Burt Reynolds [The Package] Charles Grodin [The Doll] Chita Rivera [The Puerto Rican Day] Clint Eastwood [The Strike] Curly - [The Heart Attack] Curly Joe- not as good as Curly Dabney Coleman [The English Patient] Demi Moore Dennis Franz (poster in George's bathroom) [ep?] Dustin Hoffman [The Calzone] Edward R. Murrow [The Abstinence] Elle MacPhearson Ethyl merman [The Understudy] George Peppard [The Couch] Harry Houdinin [The Mango] Jack Nicholson [The Bubble Boy] Jayne Mansfield [The Implant] Jerry Lewis [The Strongbox] Joan Fontaine [The Understudy] John Houseman [The Face Painter] John Ritter [The Pilot] Johnny Carson [The Cheever Papers] Kim Novak [The Pitch II] Maria Conchita Alonzo [The Puerto Rican Day] Marsha Mason [The Letter] Mary Hart [The Good Samaritan] Mary Martin [The Understudy] Maureen Stapleton [The Stake Out] Merv Griffin [The Merv Griffin Show] Meryl Streep [The Mango?] Nelson Rockefeller [The Deal] Olivia Dukakis [The Junior Mint] Paul Winchel [The Pie] Peter Jennings Rebecca De Mornay [The Bookstore] Ricardo Montalban [The Fusilli Jerry] Richard Chamberlain [The Yada Yada] Richard Dawson [The Kiss] Rowan and Martin [The Shoes] Russ Meyer [The Pilot]] Sammy Davis Jnr. [The Foundation] Steacy Keach [The Puerto Rican Day] Ted Danson [The Pitch] [The Finale] Three Stooges [The Suicide] Woody Allen [The Alternate Side]
Musicians ========= Box Car willy [The Strongbox] Carreras [The Maestro] Cat Stevens [The Andrea Doria] Domingo [The Maestro] Elton John [The Glasses] Gordon Lightfoot [The Andrea Doria] Kenny Rogers [The Chicken Roaster] Lena Horne [The Cartoon] Leonard Bernstein [The Maestro] Metallica [The Lip Reader] Mozart [The Maestro] Pavarotti [The Maestro] Pink Floyd [The Puerto Rican Day] Rick James [The Abstinence] Robert Schuman [The Jacket] Yo Yo Ma [The Ticket?]
Writers ======== Aristotle [The Chicken Roaster] George Will [The Jimmy] Helen Gurley Brown [The Opposite] John Cheever [The Cheever Letters] Neil Simon [The Letter] Pericles [The Abstinence] Salman Rushdie [The Implant] Samuel Beckett [The Cartoon] Sir Arthur Conan Doyle [The Abstinence] Tolstoy [Marine Biologist] Truman Capote [The Couch] Yeats [The Deal]
Murderers(others perhaps could be listed here) ============================================== David Berkowitz [The Diplomats Club] [The Strike] Jack Ruby [The Little Kicks] Joel Rifkin [The Masseuse] John Wilkes Boothe [The Pilot II] OJ (Simpson)(see also sports)(see also actors)[The Masseuse]
Political ========= Abraham Lincoln [The Pilot II] David Dinkins [The Non Fat Yogurt] David Duke [The Limo] [The Dinner Party] Duke and Duchess of Windsor [The Frogger] Boutros Boutros Ghali [The Ticket?] Breshnev [The Contest?] Clarence Thomas [The Red Dot] DeGaulle [The Contest?] Farrakan [The Dinner Party] Fidel Castro [The Nap] [The English Patient] Gandhi [The Old Man] Golda Meir [The Contest?] Henry VIII [The Gum] James Polk [man hands ep] John F. Kennedy [The Bottle Deposit] Lyndon B. Johnson [The Hamptons] Martin Van Buren [The Van Buren Boys] Joe McCarthy [The Race] Neville Chamberlain [The Yada Yada] Richard M. Nixon [The Calzone] Susan B. Anthony [The Junior Mint] Zapata [The Foundation]
Sports ======= Babe Ruth [The Opposite][The Millennium] Ben Cantwell [The Old Man] Don Mattingly [The Pilot II][The Opposite] Evander Hollyfield [The Note] George Steinbrenner [The Opposite*] Joe Dimaggio [The Note] Joe Pepitone [The Rye] [The Visa] Lou Gherig [The Millennium] Mark Messier [The Face Painter] Martin Brodeur [The Face Painter] Michael Jordan [The Limo] Mickey Mantle [The Opposite][The Visa] [The Seven] Mike Lupica [The Red Dot] Minnesota Fats [The Doll] Moose Skowron [The Visa] Patrick Ewing [The Susie] Reggie Miller [The Susie] Stein Erikson [The Reverse Peephole] Sugar Ray Leonard [The Diplomats Club] The Animal Steele [man hands ep] Wilt Chamberlain [The Yada Yada]
Explorers ================ Colombus [The Library] De Soto Magellan Ponce de Leon
Science/Medical =============== Clara Barton [The Junior Mint] Dr. Kavorkian [ep?] Dr. Atkins ? [The Summer of George] Einstein [The Seven] Euclid [The Abstinence] Florence Nightingale Pasteur [The Pick] Sigmund Freud
Clothiers/Designers ================== Armani [The Soup] Calvin Klein [The Pez Dispenser][The Pick] Gauthier [The Pie] Gloria Vanderbilt [The Glasses] Gucci [The Keys] J. Peterman [The Understudy*] J. Crew [The Secret Cde] [The Apology] Joseph Aboud [The Wig Master] Moe Ginsberg [The Subway] Nicole Miller [The Wig Master]
Religion ======== Rev. Yung Sun Moon [The Understudy] Jesus [The Strongbox] Joseph [The Wig Master] Moses [The Pick] [The Little Kicks] [The Butter Shave] Confucius [The Chinese Woman] Devil [The Cartoon]
Other Famous People ====================== Edmund Fitzgerald [The Andrea Doria] (he must have been famous to name a ship for him) Schindler [The Raincoats] Spartacus [The Gum] John F. Kennedy Jnr. [The Contest] [The Baby Shower] [The Pilot II] Maria Schriver [The Baby Shower] Lee Harvey Oswald [The Secret Code] Jackie 'O' [The Chaperone] Ethyl Kennedy [The Switch] [The Bottle Deposit] Svengali [The Wallet] Rosa Parks [The Fire]
Famous Fictional Characters mentioned or referred to ==================================================== Aquaman Batman [The Strike] Bazooka Joe [The Cafe] Bizarro [The Bizarro Jerry] Brenda Starr [The Wait Out] Bugs Bunny Clark Kent Elastic Man Elmer Fudd [The Bubble Boy] Frankenstein [The Wait Out] Godzilla [The Calzone] The Green Lantern [The Strong Box] Hazel Iron Man [The Voice] Korel [The Secret Code] Lois Lane [The Outing] Nancy Drew [The Cartoon] Plastic Man Rubber man (was there a rubber man?) Santa Claus [The Race] Spiderman Superman [The Seven*] Tweety Bird Two Face [The Strike] Victoria Secret [The Andrea Doria] Winnie The Pooh [The Abstinence] Woody Woodpecker [The Mom and Pop Store] Ziggy [The Cartoon] Zippy the Pinhead????? [The Stall]
Arnie Becker Biff Loman [The Subway*] Blossom [The Pitch?] Dr. Zauis [The Reverse Peephole] Edward Scissorshands [The Barber] Farfel [The Dog] Fast Eddie Felsen [The Maestro] Fred Mertz [The Apartment] Gadsby [The Friars Club] Godfather [The Bris] Hobo Joe [The Seven] Indiana Jones [The Parking Space] Jerry Mahoney [The Pie] Jessie Whales [The Strike] Khan [The Foundation] Lassie III [The Stongbox] Marlboro Man [The Abstinence] Maude Moby Dick [The Scofflaw] Murphy Brown [The Keys] Mr. Coffee [The Chaperone] Mr. Spock [The Foundation] Mrs. Robinson [The Hamptons] Murphy Brown [The Trip II] Pagliacci [The Opera] Popeye Doyle [The Good Samaritan] Quincy [The Maid] Stanley Kowalski [The Fusilli Jerry] STELLA!!!! [The Pen] Terminator [The Visa] Thelma and Louise [The Dealership] Zorba The Greek [The Good Samaritan] Dr. Zhivago [The Baby Shower]
Celebrities who actually appeared as themselves ================================================ <http://www.geocities.com/TelevisionCity/Studio/1955/celebs2.html>
Al Roker [The Cigar Store Indian] Alex Trebek (voice) [The Abstinence] Bernie Williams [The Abstinence] Bryant Gumble [The Puffy Shirt] Bette Midler [The Understudy] Buck Showalter [The Chaperone] Candice Bergen (playing Murphy Brown)[The Keys] Corbin Bernsen [The Trip (1)] Danny Tartabull [The Chaperone][The Pledge Drive] David Letterman [The Abstinence] Derek Jeter [The Abstinence] Fred Savage [The Trip (1)] George Wendt [The Trip(1)] Geraldo Rivera [The Finale] Jane Wells [The Finale] Jay Leno [The Showerhead] Jim Fowler [The Merv Griffin Show] Jodi Baskerville [The Limo] Jon Voight [The Mom and Pop Store] Kathy Lee Griffin [The Opposite] Keith Hernandez [The New Friend] Keith Morrison [The Trip (1 or 2)] Lawrence Taylor (TV shot at Giants game) [The Masseuse] Mario Joyner [The Engagement] Marisa Tomei[The Cadillac] Mel Torme [The Jimmy] Pat Cooper[The Friar's Club] Paul O'Neill[The Wink] Raquel Welch [The Summer of George] Regis Philbin [The Opposite] Roger McDowell [The Boyfriend] Rudolph W. Guiliani [The Non-Fat Yogurt]
We still need references for those celebrities below:
Peter Jennings Demi Moore Elle McPhearson Magellan DeSoto Dr. Kavorkian Sigmund Freud Florence Nightingale Aquaman Clark Kent Elastic Man Hazel Plastic Man Spiderman Tweety bird Arnie Becker Maude Eric Roberts Patty Hearst (TANYA) Paul Prudhomme Mark McEwen Dom DeLuise Ray Coniff
Don't remember the ep. George pondered the pronunciation. De-MI.
"The Suicide" Kramer plays backgammon with her on the trip George was too scared to take.
These two were from the same ep. Don't remember. So many celebrity names pop up in non sequiters, throw away lines, that it's tough to recall which ones they're from.
Mentioned with Clara Barton. Possibly "The Contest"? When George was discussing visiting his mother in the hospital?
These two were from "The Statue". Ray cleaned between the fridge and the cabinet.
People used to compare George's mother to Hazel, I don't remember the ep.
"The Pez Dispenser" of course!
"The Trip"
"The Hamptons" When Elaine walked up wearing the big hat.
"The Cigar Store Indian" Looks like Al Roker.
Also "the Cigar Store Indian". The Ray Coniff singers were playing on the stereo when George tried to pass his parents' house off as his own.
"The Secretary".....Elaine was trying on the dress that was obviously about three sizes big and she said in the store she looked fabulous. Someone who was walking by said she look like Demi Moore in Indecent Proposal. "How fast were they walking?"......
I think that was in "The Scofflaw"....It was when Jerry and George were talking about how Georges old friend that sent him regards fell in love with Gary Fogel when he had cancer. George thought it was Clara Nightingale symdrome. Jerry said it's Florence Nightengale and he must have been thinking of Clara Barton. George asks who she was and what she did. Jerry says I don't know but I think she was nice. Then George says Susan B. Anthony I think I'd have a problem with. Jerry says, ya I think you would. Lines like that out of nowhere are what made this show so special. BTW better add Susan B. Anthony to this list if she isn't already there.......
"The Subway" George was telling the woman who took him back to the room how his mother used to walk around their apartment in bra and panties. Then he says she was nothing like you, she was real bad real disgusting. Like an uglier fatter version of Shirley Booth. Remeber Shirley Booth from Hazel, I had the only monther in the whole neighborhood that was worse looking than Hazel. You could imagine the taunts I would get......
Yep, talking about Elaine and the fat dude.....that's right. Boy everyone sure likes to see me be wrong don't they.....doesn't take long for a correction to pop up. I haven't seen these eps in months, I'm lucky I got as close as I did.........
I do have the references for the following in the actual list... ============================================ Eric Roberts Patty Hearst (TANYA) Paul Prudhomme Mark McEwen Dom DeLuise Ray Coniff
Jerry: WE HAVE TO CONFESS!! Kramer: Really!! Jerry: YES!!! Kramer : We could be tried for murder. Jerry: I can't have this on my conscience... we're lile Leopold and Loeb
May 21, 1924 - A day that stands alone in infamy as the day two intelligent Chicago youths embarked on the perfect crime. Nathan Leopold Jr. and Richard Loeb kidnapped Loeb's distant cousin Bobby Franks from his Harvard preparatory school and beat him to death. They then dumped the body in a culvert ... 74% Date: 28 Apr 1997, Size 3.1K, http://www2.idsonline.com/jeff/leopoldloeb.html
THE LEOPOLD AND LOEB TRIAL: A BRIEF ACCOUNT BY DOUGLAS O. LINDER
Few trial transcripts are as likely to bring tears to the eyes as that of the 1924 murder trial of Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold. Decades after Clarence Darrow delivered his twelve-hour long plea to save his young clients' lives, his moving summation stands as the most eloquent attack on the death penalty ever delivered in an American courtroom. Mixing poetry and prose, science and emotion, a world-weary cynicism and a dedication to his cause, hatred of bloodlust and love of man, Darrow takes his audience on an oratorical ride that would be unimaginable in a criminal trial today. Even without Darrow in his prime, the Leopold and Loeb trial has the elements to justify its billing as the first "trial of the century." It is not surprising that the public responded to a trial that involved the kidnapping and murder of a fourteen-year old boy from one of Chicago's most prominent families, a bizarre relationship between two promising scholars-turned-murderers, what the prosecutor called an "act of Providence" leading to the apprehension of the teenage defendants, dueling psychiatrists, and an experienced and sharp-tongued state's attorney bent on hanging the confessed killers in spite of their relative youth.
The crime that was to capture national attention in 1924 began as a fantasy in the mind of eighteen-year old Richard Loeb, the handsome and privileged son of a retired Sears Roebuck vice president. Loeb was obsessed with crime. Despite his high intelligence and standing as the youngest graduate ever of the University of Michigan, Loeb read mostly detective stories. He read about crime, he planned crimes, and he committed crimes, although none until 1924 were crimes involving physical harm to a person. (Darrow and Leopold later saw Loeb's facination with crime as form of rebellion against the well-meaning, but strict and controlling, governess who raised him.) For Loeb, crime became a sort of game; he wanted to commit the perfect crime just to prove that it could be done.
Loeb's nineteen-year old partner in crime, Nathan Leopold, was interested in ornithology, philosophy, and especially, Richard Loeb. Like Loeb, Leopold was a child of wealth and opportunity, the son of a millionaire box manufacturer. At the time of their crime, the brilliant Leopold was a law student at the University of Chicago and was planning to begin studies at Harvard Law School after a family trip to Europe in the summer. Leopold already had achieved recognition as the nation's leading authority on the Kirtland warbler, an endangered songbird, and frequently lectured on the subjects of his ornithological passion. As a student of philosophy, Leopold was attracted to Friedrich Nietzsche. Nietzsche's influence on early twentieth century academics was powerful, and the merits of ideas contained in books like his Beyond Good and Evil were fiercely debated in centers of learning like the University of Chicago. Leopold agreed with Nietzsche's criticism of moral codes, and believed that legal obligations did not apply to those who approached "the superman." Leopold's idea of the superman was his friend and lover, Richard Loeb.
The relationship between Loeb and Leopold was intense and stormy, with Leopold at one time contemplating killing Loeb over a perceived breach of confidentiality. This relationship, described by Darrow as "weird and almost impossible," led the two boys to do together what they almost certainly would never have done apart: commit murder. Motives are often unclear, and they are in this trial. Neither the defense's theory that the murder was an effort by both to deepen their relationship nor the prosecution's theory that money to pay off gambling debts and a desire by Loeb to "have something" on Leopold in order to counter Leopold's unwanted demands for sex, are likely accurate. What is clearest about the motives is that Leopold's attraction to Loeb was his primary reason for participating in the crime. Leopold later wrote that "Loeb's friendship was necessary to me-- terribly necessary" and that his motive, "to the extent that I had one, was to please Dick." For Loeb, the crime was more an escape from the ordinary; an interesting intellectual exercise.
Murder was a necessary element in their plan to commit the perfect crime. The two teenagers spent hours discussing and refining a plan that included kidnapping the child of a wealthy parents, demanding a ransom, and collecting the ransom after it was thrown off a moving train as it passed a designated point. Neither Loeb nor Leopold relished the idea of murdering their kidnap victim, but they thought it critical to minimizing their likelihood of being identified as the kidnappers. Their victim turned out to be an acquaintance of the two boys, Bobby Franks.
Franks was simply in the wrong place at the wrong time. On May 21, 1924 at about five o'clock in the afternoon, Bobby Franks was walking home from school when a gray Winton automobile pulled up near him. Loeb asked Franks to come over to the car, asked him to get in the car to discuss a tennis racquet, then killed him with a chisel as the two drove off. (Though most evidence points to Loeb as the actual killer, there is some dispute about this, as there is over the time of the killing. Some have suggested that Franks was sexually molested, then killed later.) Leopold and Loeb drove their rented car to a marshland near the Indiana line, where they stripped Franks naked, poured hydrochloric acid over his body to make identifcation more difficult, then stuffed the body in a concrete drainage culvert. The boys returned to the Loeb home where they burned Franks' clothing in a basement fire. That evening Mrs. Franks received a phone call from Leopold, who identified himself as "George Johnson." Leopold told Franks that her boy had been kidnapped, but was unharmed, and that she should expect a ransom note soon. The next morning the Franks family received a special delivery letter asking that they immediately secure $10,000 in old, unmarked bills and telling them to expect further instructions that afternoon. Leopold ("George Johnson") called Jacob Franks, Bobby's father, at three o'clock to tell him a taxi cab was about to arrive at his home and that he should take it to a specified drugstore in South Chicago. Just as Franks was heading out to the Yellow Cab, a second call came, this one from the police, spoiling hope that the perfect crime would be executed. The body of Bobby Franks had been identified; a laborer happened to see a flash of what turned out to be a foot through the the shrubbery covering the open culvert where the body had been placed.
There would have been no arrests and no trial but for what the prosecutor called "the hand of God at work in this case." A pair of horn-rimmed glasses were discovered with the body of Bobby Franks. The glasses, belonging to Nathan Leopold, had slipped out of his pocket as he struggled to hide the body. They had an unusual hinge and could be traced to a single Chicago optometrist, who had written only three such prescriptions, including the one to Leopold. When questioned about the glasses, Leopold said that he must have lost them on one of his frequent birding expeditions. He was asked by an investigator to demonstrate how the glasses might have fallen out of his pockets, but failed after a series of purposeful trips to dislodge the glasses from his coat. Questioning became more intense. Leopold said that he spent the twenty-first of May picking up girls in his car with Loeb and driving out to Lincoln Park. Loeb, when questioned separately, confirmed Leopold's alibi. Prosecutor's were on the verge of releasing the two suspects when two additional pieces of evidence surfaced. First, typewritten notes taken from a member of Leopold's law school study group were found to match the the type from the ransom note, despite the fact that an earlier search of the Leopold home turned up a typewriter with unmatching type. Then came a statement from the Leopold family chauffeur, made in the hope of establishing Nathan's innocence, that spelled his doom. He said he was certain that the Leopold car had not left the garage on the day of the murder.
Loeb confessed first, then Leopold. Their confessions differed only on the point of who did the actual killing, with each pointing the finger at the other. Leopold later pleaded with Loeb to admit to killing Franks but, according to Leopold, Loeb said, "Mompsie feels less terrible than she might, thinking you did it and I'm not going to take that shred of comfort away from her."
The Loeb and Leopold families hired Clarence Darrow and Benjamin Bachrach to represent the two boys. Nathan said his first impression of Darrow was one of "horror", unimpressed as he was by Darrow's unruly hair, rumpled jacket, egg-splattered shirt, suspenders, and askew tie. His opinion of Darrow would soon change. He later described his attorney as a great, simple, unaffected man, with a "deep-seated, all-embracing kindliness." In his book Life Plus Ninety-Nine Years, Leopold wrote that if asked to name the two men who "came closest to preaching the pure essence of love" he would say Jesus and Clarence Darrow.
It was Darrow's decision to change the boys' initial pleas to the charges of murder and kidnapping from "not guilty" (suggesting a traditional insanity defense) to "guilty." The decison was made primarily to prevent the state from getting two opportunities to get a death sentence. With "not guilty" pleas, the state had planned to try the boys first on one of the two charges, both of which carried the death penalty in Illinois, and if it failed to win a hanging on the first charge, try again on the second. The guilty plea also meant that the sentencing decision would be made by a judge, not by a jury. Darrow's decision to plead the boys guilty undoubtedly was based in part on his belief that the judge who would hear their case, John R. Caverly, was a "kindly and discerning" man. With the public seemingly unanimous in calling for death, Darrow did not want to face a jury. In his summation Darrow noted, "where responsibility is divided by twelve, it is easy to say �away with him'; but, your honor, if these boys are to hang, you must do it--...it must be by your cool, premeditated act, without a chance to shift responsibility."
The defense hoped to build its case against death around the testimony of four psychiatrists, called "alienists" at the time. The best talent pyschiatric talent 1924 had to offer was sought out by both sides to examine the defendants. Even Sigmund Freud was asked to come to Chicago for the trial, but his poor health at the time prevented the visit. The prosecution argued that pyschiatric testimony was only admissible if the defendants claimed insanity, while the defense argued strenuously that evidence of mental disease should be considered as a mitigating factor in consideration of the sentence. In the most critical ruling of the trial, Judge Caverly decided against the state's objection, and allowed the psychiatric evidence to be introduced.
The trial (technically a hearing, rather than a trial, because of the entry of guilty pleas) of Leopold and Loeb lasted just over one month. The state presented over a hundred witnesses proving-- needlessly, in the opinion of many-- every element of the crime. The defense presented extensive psychiatric evidence describing the defendants' emotional immaturity, obsessions with crime and Nietzschean philosophy, alcohol abuse, glandular abnormalitites, and sexual longings and insecurities. Lay witnesses, classmates and associates of Loeb, were offered to prove his belligerence, inappropriate laughter, lack of judgment, and childishness. Other lay witness testified as to Leopold's egocentricity and argumentative nature. The state offered in rebuttal pychiatrists who saw normal emotional responses in the boys and no physical basis for a finding of mental abnormality.
On August 22, 1924, Clarence Darrow began his summation for the defense in a "courtroom jammed to suffocation, with hundreds of men and women rioting in the corridors outside." As a newspaper reporter observed, the setting underscored Darrow's argument "that the court was the only thing standing between the boys and a bloodthirsty mob." For over twelve hours Darrow reminded Judge Caverly of the defendants' youth, genetic inheritence, surging sexual impulses, and the many external influences that had led them to the commission of their crime. Never before or since the Leopold and Loeb trial has the deterministic universe, this life of "a series of infinite chances", been so clearly made the basis of a criminal defense. In pleading for Loeb's life Darrow argued, " Nature is strong and she is pitiless. She works in mysterious ways, and we are her victims. We have not much to do with it ourselves. Nature takes this job in hand, and we only play our parts. In the words of old Omar Khayyam, we are only Impotent pieces in the game He plays Upon this checkerboard of nights and days, Hither and thither moves, and checks, and slays, And one by one back in the closet lays. What had this boy had to do with it? He was not his own father; he was not his own mother....All of this was handed to him. He did not surround himself with governesses and wealth. He did not make himself. And yet he is to be compelled to pay." In pleading that Leopold be spared , Darrow said, "Tell me that you can visit the wrath of fate and chance and life and eternity upon a nineteen- year-old boy!"
Darrow attacked the death penalty as atavistic, saying it "roots back to the beast and the jungle." Time and time again Darrow challenged the notion of "an eye for an eye": "If the state in which I live is not kinder, more humane, and more considerate than the mad act of these two boys, I am sorry I have lived so long." Darrow told Judge Caverly that a life sentence was punishment severe enough for the crime. He reminded the judge how little Leopold and Loeb would have to look forward to in the long days, months, and years ahead: "In all the endless road you tread there's nothing but the night." When Darrow finally ended his appeal, tears were streaming down the face of Judge Caverly and many other courtroom spectators. One reporter wrote, "There was scarcely any telling where his voice had finished and where silence had begun. It lasted for a minute, two minutes."
State's Attorney Robert Crowe closed for the prosecution. He sarcastically attacked the arguments of "the distinguished gentlemen whose profession it is to protect murder in Cook County, and concerning whose health thieves inquire before they go out and commit a crime." Addressing Leopold, Crowe said, "I wonder now, Nathan, whether you think there is a God or not. I wonder whether you think it is pure accident that this disciple of Nietzsche's philosophy dropped his glasses or whether it was an act of Divine Providence to visit upon your miserable carcasses the wrath of God." (Leopold, much later, said he wondered the same thing.) He heaped ridicule on Darrow's attempt to blame the crime on anyone and anything but the defendants: "My God, if one of them had a hairlip I suppose Darrow would want me to apologize for having them indicted." Crowe called the defense pyschiatrists "The Three Wise Men from the East" and accused one of them of being "in his second childhood" and "prostituting his profession." He reserved his strongest language for the two defendants, who he referred to as "cowardly perverts", "snakes", "atheists", "spoiled smart alecs", and "mad dogs." For Crowe, this was a premedidated crime committed by two remorseless defendants, and the appropriate punishment was obvious. The "real defense" in the case, according to Crowe, was "Clarence Darrow and his peculiar philosophy of life." It ought not be a defense, suggested Crowe, who closed by asking Judge Caverly to "execute justice and righteousness in the land."
Two weeks later Caverly announced his decision. He called the murder "a crime of singular atrocity." Caverly said that his "judgment cannot be affected" by the causes of crime and that it was "beyond the province of this court" to "predicate ultimate responsibility for human acts." Nonetheless, Caverly said that "the consideration of the age of the defendants" and the possible benefits to criminology that might come from future study of them persuaded him that life in prison, not death, was the better punishment. He said that he was doing them no favor: "To the offenders, particularly of the type they are, the prolonged years of confinement may well be the severest form of retribution and expiation."
Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold were moved to the Joliet penitentiary. In 1936, Loeb was slashed and killed with a razor in a showerroom fight with James Day, another inmate. Leopold rushed to the prison hospital to be at his old friend's bedside as he died. Day claimed that he was resisting Loeb's sexual advances, while prison officials called it a deliberate and unprovoked attack. Day was acquitted by a jury. Leopold managed to keep intellectually active in prison. He taught in the prison school, mastered twenty-seven foreign languages, worked as an x-ray technician in the prison hospital, reorganized the prison library, volunteered to be tested with an experimental malaria vaccine, and designed a new system of prison education. In the 1950's, an elderly and now retired Robert Crowe offered to write a letter to the Illinois Parole Board urging his release. In 1958, after thirty-four years of confinement, Leopold was released from prison. To escape the publicity accompanying the release of Compulsion, a movie based on the 1924 crime (and which Leopold challenged in a lawsuit as an invasion of privacy), Leopold migrated to Puerto Rico. He earned a master's degree, taught mathematics, and worked in hospitals and church missions. He wrote a book entitled The Birds of Puerto Rico. Despite saying in a 1960 interview that he was still deeply in love with Richard Loeb, he married. Leopold said he often found himself wondering during his years in Puerto Rico at what point the thirty-four dark years in prison became balanced by the subsequent sunshine of freedom. Leopold's story of redemption ended in 1971 when he died of a heart attack.
They're all real ballplayers: Jay Buhner, Willie McGee, Doug Drabek and Fred McGriff.
I'll tell you what, the researchers REALLY did their homework! All four were, in fact, Yankee prospects early in their respective careers.
McGee was selected by the White Sox in the free-agent draft of 1977, and taken by the Yankees in the secondary phase of the free-agent draft in 1978. He was traded to the Cardinals for pitcher Bob Sykes in October of 1981, never having played a single game for NY.
Drabek, also drafted originally by the White Sox, was traded to the Yankees in August 1984, and subsequently traded to the Pirates in a six player deal that sent Rick Rhoden to NY. Drabek won the Cy Young Award for Pittsburgh in 1990.
Fred McGriff was selected by the Yankees in the 9th round of the 1981 free-agent draft, and was traded to Toronto without playing a game as a Yankee. McGriff has 339 career home runs.
Buhner was traded from the Pirates to the Yankees in December 1984, He was traded to the Mariners in 1988 for Ken Phelps. This was the deal Steinbrenner was referring to when he came to the Costanza house to inform Frank and Estelle that George had died in "The Caddy".
Kudos to the researcher. These four guys were all superstar prospects
that the Yankees traded away before they got anything out of them. For
the most part, each was a great prospect, traded for players who had
minimal success with NY, with the exception of Rick Rhoden. More on
Rhoden, if anyone's interested, in another post. I'm tired.
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